Accepted timing copies input while rejected timing keeps prior state. Exact arithmetic here means exact results for the stated model inputs; measured inputs still carry uncertainty and significant-figure limits.
highlighted = computed this step
Accepted timing lets a zero input replace one
Setup slack 3 s and hold slack 1 s make the edge gate capture. Input 0 and prior state 1 produce output 0.
D=0,Qold=1,Qnew=0
Accepted timing lets a one input replace zero
Setup slack 3 s and hold slack 1 s make the edge gate capture. Input 1 and prior state 0 produce output 1.
D=1,Qold=0,Qnew=1
Rejected timing keeps the prior state
Setup slack -1 s and hold slack 1 s make the edge gate hold. Input 1 and prior state 0 produce output 0.