Aperture Is a Window Inside the Period - Electronic Circuits X: Sampling, Quantization, and Finite Conversion Step by Step

The aperture is a capture window inside each sample period. Exact arithmetic here means exact results for the stated model inputs; measured inputs still carry uncertainty and significant-figure limits.

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Aperture is only the capture part of a period

The period is 8 seconds, but the aperture is only 2 seconds.

T=8\ \text{s},\quad a=2\ \text{s}

Duty fraction is aperture over period

The idle part is 6 seconds, so aperture plus idle closes the period and duty is 1/4.

2+6=8,\quad {a\over T}={1\over 4}