Flux change rate can pass, touch, or exceed a winding voltage limit. Exact arithmetic here means exact results for the stated model inputs; measured inputs still carry uncertainty and significant-figure limits.
highlighted = computed this step
Flux-change row 1
Turn counts and interval stay fixed. Flux change 1 Wb in 1 s gives primary voltage 4 V against an 8 V ceiling, so margin is 4 V.
m=4Vpass
Flux-change row 2
Turn counts and interval stay fixed. Flux change 2 Wb in 1 s gives primary voltage 8 V against an 8 V ceiling, so margin is 0 V.
m=0Vpass
Flux-change row 3
Turn counts and interval stay fixed. Flux change 3 Wb in 1 s gives primary voltage 12 V against an 8 V ceiling, so margin is negative 4 V.