Longer dead intervals reduce the accepted count on the same clock. Exact arithmetic here means exact results for the stated model inputs; measured inputs still carry uncertainty and significant-figure limits.

highlighted = computed this step

One-second dead time accepts six counts

Dead time per count is 1 second. The checked count is 6, so dead time is 6 seconds.

D=Nτ=6×1=6,L=6D=N\tau=6\times1=6,\quad L=6
Dead-time budgetDetected counts reserve dead-time intervals.clock=12 slive=6 srate=1 HzclockTime=12 sdeadTimeEach=1 sdetectedCount=6 countdeadTimeTotal=6 sliveTime=6 sobservedRate=1/2 Hz

Two-second dead time accepts four counts

Dead time per count is 2 seconds. The checked count is 4, so dead time is 8 seconds.

D=Nτ=4×2=8,L=4D=N\tau=4\times2=8,\quad L=4
Dead-time budgetDetected counts reserve dead-time intervals.clock=12 slive=4 srate=1 HzclockTime=12 sdeadTimeEach=2 sdetectedCount=4 countdeadTimeTotal=8 sliveTime=4 sobservedRate=1/3 Hz

Three-second dead time accepts three counts

Dead time per count is 3 seconds. The checked count is 3, so dead time is 9 seconds.

D=Nτ=3×3=9,L=3D=N\tau=3\times3=9,\quad L=3
Dead-time budgetDetected counts reserve dead-time intervals.clock=12 slive=3 srate=1 HzclockTime=12 sdeadTimeEach=3 sdetectedCount=3 countdeadTimeTotal=9 sliveTime=3 sobservedRate=1/4 Hz