A batch applies writes from top to bottom.

highlighted = computed this step

Run writes in order

A batch applies writes from top to bottom.

ordered batch\text{ordered batch}

Apply the batch

The batch has 3 writes, applies 3, and ends with 3 rows.

writes=3\text{writes}=3

Write examples are tiny finite row modifications; SQL dialects, transactions, constraints beyond the visible key, triggers, indexes, concurrency, performance, and product behavior are out of scope.

Run writes in order: base tableidnamepoints1Ada102Ben203Cy15 writes in orderstepkindkeydetail0insert4[4, Dee, 12]1update1{points:11}2delete2delete row write resultsstepkindkeystatusreasonbeforeafter0insert4appliedok341update1appliedok442delete2appliedok43 final tableidnamepoints1Ada113Cy154Dee12 write factsfactvaluebaseRowCount3writeCount3appliedCount3rejectedCount0finalRowCount3keyColumnidrowOrderkey

Read before and after counts

Each result row shows the row count before and after that write.

step by step\text{step by step}

Summary

Later writes see the table left by earlier writes.

ordered effects\text{ordered effects}