The same source power over a larger checked area gives a smaller irradiance. Exact arithmetic here means exact results for the stated model inputs; measured inputs still carry uncertainty and significant-figure limits.

highlighted = computed this step

Same power over more area gives less irradiance

Both irradiance sources cite the same power before the comparison bit is accepted.

6 W/m2>2 W/m26\ \text{W}/\text{m}^{2}>2\ \text{W}/\text{m}^{2}
Same-power contrastThe larger/smaller claim is a checked bit.leftIrradiance=6 W/m^2rightIrradiance=2 W/m^2comparisonBit=1 bit

The comparison is part of the source

The check recomputes which irradiance is larger.

comparisonBit=1\hbox{comparisonBit}=1
Irradiance comparison bitA stale comparison bit cannot render.leftIrradiance=6 W/m^2rightIrradiance=2 W/m^2comparisonBit=1 bit