Observational Audit Cites Every Source - Observational Astrophysics: Distance, Flux, Transits, and Spectra Step by Step

An observational audit traces every period, radius, and flux value back to a named source, so no number enters the ledger without a citation. The bookkeeping is exact only for the stated inputs and their cited origins in the ideal ratio ledger. Real observations add inclination, eccentricity, stellar mass uncertainty, cadence and noise, calibration, and source-traceability limits that blur the audit.

The capstone audit accepts only a closed chain of measurement sources. Exact arithmetic here means exact results for the stated model inputs; measured inputs still carry uncertainty and significant-figure limits.

highlighted = computed this step

The audit cites every measurement source by role

The final audit has parallax, flux, transit, spectral, and period sources, with accepted bit 1.

\text{sources}=\{\text{parallax},\text{flux},\text{transit},\text{spectral},\text{period}\},\quad accepted=1

Hidden refs bind the displayed roles to exact values

The hidden source refs bind distance index 5, flux 4, transit depth 1/25, shift 1/6, and period ratio 1/2.

d=5,\quad F=4,\quad depth=\tfrac{1}{25},\quad shift=\tfrac{1}{6},\quad period=\tfrac{1}{2}