An Aa by Aa Punnett square gives the exact genotype ratio.

highlighted = computed this step

A Punnett square enumerates gamete pairs

For Aa crossed with Aa, put one parent's gametes across the top and the other's down the side. The body cells are the offspring genotypes.

Aa×Aa\text{Aa}\times\text{Aa}
Aa by Aa Punnett squareEach body cell combines one gamete from each parent.·AaAAAAaaAaaa

The genotype ratio is one to two to one

Counting the table gives genotype ratio 1:2:1 for AA, Aa, and aa.

1:2:11:2:1
Genotype ratioThe genotype probabilities are aggregated from the cross.GenotypeProbabilityRatioAA1/41Aa1/22aa1/41