Validation Errors

Validation functions can throw when an input is outside the range the program accepts.

validation_errors.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <stdexcept>

void validateScore(int score) {
    if (score < 0 || score > 100) {
        throw std::out_of_range("score");
    }
}

int main() {
    int score = ;

    try {
        validateScore(score);
        std::cout << "score=" << score << std::endl;
        std::cout << "valid=1" << std::endl;
    } catch (const std::out_of_range& error) {
        std::cout << "score=" << score << std::endl;
        std::cout << "valid=0" << std::endl;
    }

    return 0;
}

#include <iostream>
#include <stdexcept>

void validateScore(int score) {
    if (score < 0 || score > 100) {
        throw std::out_of_range("score");
    }
}

int main() {
    int score = ;

    try {
        validateScore(score);
        std::cout << "score=" << score << std::endl;
        std::cout << "valid=1" << std::endl;
    } catch (const std::out_of_range& error) {
        std::cout << "score=" << score << std::endl;
        std::cout << "valid=0" << std::endl;
    }

    return 0;
}

#include <iostream>
#include <stdexcept>

void validateScore(int score) {
    if (score < 0 || score > 100) {
        throw std::out_of_range("score");
    }
}

int main() {
    int score = ;

    try {
        validateScore(score);
        std::cout << "score=" << score << std::endl;
        std::cout << "valid=1" << std::endl;
    } catch (const std::out_of_range& error) {
        std::cout << "score=" << score << std::endl;
        std::cout << "valid=0" << std::endl;
    }

    return 0;
}

validation Throwing from validation keeps the normal path simple and sends invalid inputs to a handler.