PCR thermal-cycle heat is clearer when cycle count changes across several exact rows. Exact arithmetic here means exact results for the stated model inputs; measured inputs still carry uncertainty and significant-figure limits.

highlighted = computed this step

Two cycles make six programmed steps

Heat per step is 100 joules. With 3 steps per cycle and 2 cycles, one well uses 600 joules and the chip uses 4800 joules.

10032=600,6008=4800100\cdot3\cdot2=600,\quad 600\cdot8=4800
Thermal cycle ledgerParallel wells share elapsed time while heat scales by well count.elapsed100 Jstep600 Jwell4800 Jchipcycle ledger

Four cycles double the per-well heat

The same step heat and wells now use 4 cycles, so one well uses 1200 joules and the chip uses 9600 joules.

10034=1200,12008=9600100\cdot3\cdot4=1200,\quad 1200\cdot8=9600
Thermal cycle ledgerParallel wells share elapsed time while heat scales by well count.elapsed100 Jstep1200 Jwell9600 Jchipcycle ledger

Six cycles make the scaling line visible

6 cycles give one-well heat 1800 joules and chip heat 14400 joules. Three rows show cycles as a multiplier.

10036=1800,18008=14400100\cdot3\cdot6=1800,\quad 1800\cdot8=14400
Thermal cycle ledgerParallel wells share elapsed time while heat scales by well count.elapsed100 Jstep1800 Jwell14400 Jchipcycle ledger