Control windows are exact gates, including endpoints and near misses. Exact arithmetic here means exact results for the stated model inputs; measured inputs still carry uncertainty and significant-figure limits.
highlighted = computed this step
All three controls fit the inclusive gate
Controls 9, 10, and 11 are inside target 10 plus or minus 1. The row pass bit is 1.
Δc≤1,A=1
One low control blocks the row
The second row changes the first control to 8. Its distance from target 10 is 2, which is greater than tolerance 1. The row pass bit is 0.
2>1,A=0
A wider tolerance still has a boundary
The third row has tolerance 2. Controls 8 and 12 pass, but control 13 is outside. The row pass bit is 0.