Final acceptance is a source-bound conjunction of independent gates. Exact arithmetic here means exact results for the stated model inputs; measured inputs still carry uncertainty and significant-figure limits.
highlighted = computed this step
All three source gates pass in the first row
Control pass bit 1, replicate pass bit 1, and calibration range bit 1 give final acceptance 1.
A=1⋅1⋅1=1
A failed control blocks an otherwise valid row
The second row has control pass bit 0 while replicate and calibration bits are 1 and 1. Final acceptance is 0.
A=0⋅1⋅1=0
A failed replicate gate also blocks the row
The third row restores control pass bit 1 but replicate pass bit is 0. Final acceptance is 0.