A cloning or sequencing chip is read in exact channel batches. Exact arithmetic here means exact results for the stated model inputs; measured inputs still carry uncertainty and significant-figure limits.

highlighted = computed this step

Read channels batch addresses

The chip has 20 addresses and 4 active readout channels, so one repeat needs 5 passes.

Npasses=204=5N_{\text{passes}}=\frac{20}{4}=5
Indexed throughputIndexed measurements become exact count budgets.indexed readout

Repeat reads multiply scheduled passes

With 3 repeat reads per address, the schedule has 15 passes. Clone identity and base calling are outside this count.

Nscheduled=53=15N_{\text{scheduled}}=5\cdot3=15
Indexed throughputIndexed measurements become exact count budgets.indexed readout