Traverse and Print

Walk from the head pointer to null, visiting each node exactly once without random indexing.

Algorithm

The replay labels nodes by value, such as node(20), and never exposes object identity or memory addresses. This Bash DSA implementation uses the same small chain as the rest of the DSA track.

Basic Implementation

basic.sh

#!/usr/bin/env bash
set -euo pipefail

render() {
  local idx="$1"
  local out=""
  while [[ "$idx" != "-1" ]]; do
    if [[ -n "$out" ]]; then out+=" -> "; fi
    out+="${value[$idx]}"
    idx="${next[$idx]}"
  done
  printf '%s -> null\n' "$out"
}

declare -A value
declare -A next
value[1]=10; next[1]=2
value[2]=20; next[2]=3
value[3]=30; next[3]=-1
head=1
render "$head"

Complexity

Time: O(n)
Space: O(1)

Implementation notes

Keep the explicit node and pointer/reference operations; array shortcuts hide the linked-list state this lesson is meant to replay.
The final output prints the chain in a deterministic a -> b -> null form for cross-language comparison.

cursor A cursor reference names the node currently being visited.

null stop Traversal ends when the cursor reaches the null marker.