After a merge, the corpus is re-segmented and the same rule runs again. The second round is computed from the post-merge rows, not from hidden state.
Repeat the procedure
Round two starts from h ug and p ug. The same count-then-merge rule runs again on the new visible segmentation.
same deterministic rule
Round two counts
The pair (h,ug) has count 3 and (p,ug) has count 2. The selected merge is (h,ug) into hug.
(h,ug)=3,(p,ug)=2
Summary
The second merge is deterministic because the counts are exact and ordered. The sequence so far is (u,g) to ug, then (h,ug) to hug.
(u,g)→ug,(h,ug)→hug