IS NULL is SQL's explicit missing-value test for NULL cells.

highlighted = computed this step

Input table

Start with shipments where some shipped dates are NULL.

Shipments\text{Shipments}
Shipmentsorder_idshipped_ono12026-01-05o2NULLo32026-01-07o4NULL

Where query

Use IS NULL to test for missing shipped dates explicitly.

WHERE shipped date IS NULL\text{WHERE shipped date IS NULL}
WHERE shipped date IS NULLwhere is_nullarity 2 rows 2Shipmentsarity 2 rows 4

Predicate truth

NULL shipped dates evaluate to TRUE; known dates evaluate to FALSE.

IS NULL truth check\text{IS NULL truth check}
Three-valued truthrowtruth1FALSE2TRUE3FALSE4TRUE

Filtered output

Only rows with missing shipped dates pass the WHERE filter.

missing shipped dates\text{missing shipped dates}
Filtered outputorder_idshipped_ono2NULLo4NULL