Force, Impulse, and Momentum

Energy over Speed Matches Absorber Impulse

For the absorber chain, beam energy over speed matches force impulse. Exact arithmetic here means exact results for the stated model inputs; measured inputs still carry uncertainty and significant-figure limits.

highlighted = computed this step

Absorber momentum matches energy over speed

Only the absorber chain uses the E over c closure.

Ec=726=12 kg m/s\frac{E}{c}=\frac{72}{6}=12\ \text{kg}\,\text{m}/\text{s}
Absorber momentum closureEnergy and impulse agree for the absorber.forceSource=boundtimeWindow=4 simpulse=12 kg*m/smomentum=12 kg*m/sshowMomentumBit=1 bit

The momentum display is explicitly enabled

Mirror cases cannot turn on this absorber-only equality.

showMomentumBit=1\hbox{showMomentumBit}=1
Absorber-only momentum bitThe closure bit is checked.forceSource=boundtimeWindow=4 simpulse=12 kg*m/smomentum=12 kg*m/sshowMomentumBit=1 bit