The same-phase interferometer case keeps the full count budget at the bright detector. Exact arithmetic here means exact results for the stated model inputs; measured inputs still carry uncertainty and significant-figure limits.

highlighted = computed this step

The first splitter creates two equal arms

The incoming count 8 first splits into 4 upper and 4 lower.

84+48\to4+4
First interferometer splitThe first split bars are checked.1/2upper1/2lower1bright0dark0lostphase

Same phase recombines at the bright detector

With same phase, the recombined output is 8 bright counts and 0 dark counts.

Nbright=8,Ndark=0N_{\text{bright}}=8,\quad N_{\text{dark}}=0
Same phase outputThe phase check sends all counts to bright.1/2upper1/2lower1bright0dark0lostphase