Changing a branch sign or phase can preserve direct probabilities while keeping state information. Exact arithmetic here means exact results for the stated model inputs; measured inputs still carry uncertainty and significant-figure limits.

highlighted = computed this step

The positive state sets the direct probability row

A direct-basis measurement only reads squared magnitudes. For this state, up carries 9/25 and down carries 16/25.

P=925,P=1625P_{\uparrow}=\frac{9}{25},\quad P_{\downarrow}=\frac{16}{25}
Positive branch signsThe direct bars are squared magnitudes.state3/5 up4/5 downz basis9/25up16/25down

Sign and imaginary phase keep this direct row

Changing the down branch from positive to negative or imaginary does not change these direct probabilities. It changes what can happen later when amplitudes recombine.

down ampPPsum+45925162514592516251i4592516251\begin{array}{c|c|c|c}\text{down amp}&P_{\uparrow}&P_{\downarrow}&\text{sum}\\+\frac{4}{5}&\frac{9}{25}&\frac{16}{25}&1\\-\frac{4}{5}&\frac{9}{25}&\frac{16}{25}&1\\i\frac{4}{5}&\frac{9}{25}&\frac{16}{25}&1\\\end{array}
Sign-invariance direct scanThe sign is stored in the state, not the bars.state3/5 up-4/5 downz basis9/25up16/25down

The phase is not discarded

The imaginary state has the same direct row, but the displayed ket keeps the phase. A later basis choice can use that phase, so it is not decoration.

i452=1625\lvert i\frac{4}{5}\rvert^2=\frac{16}{25}
Imaginary branch storedThe phase remains visible in the ket.state3/5 up4/5i downz basis9/25up16/25down