A controlled interaction is represented here only by a checked joint-state output. Exact arithmetic here means exact results for the stated model inputs; measured inputs still carry uncertainty and significant-figure limits.

highlighted = computed this step

A coupling output can be a joint state

The coupling lesson starts from a checked joint-state output: zero-zero and one-one carry the probability. It does not claim a hardware Hamiltonian or simulate the control pulse.

coupling output is a joint table\text{coupling output is a joint table}
Checked coupling outputThe resulting joint table is checked exactly.001/sqrt(2)P=1/2010P=0100P=0111/sqrt(2)P=1/2det = 1/2not product

The joint output has two populated cells

The coupling output is summarized by the same populated diagonal cells and the nonzero determinant.

rowvalueclaimzero-zero12populatedone-one12populateddet12not product\begin{array}{c|c|c}\text{row}&\text{value}&\text{claim}\\\text{zero-zero}&\frac{1}{2}&\text{populated}\\\text{one-one}&\frac{1}{2}&\text{populated}\\\det&\frac{1}{2}&\text{not product}\\\end{array}
Coupling-output scanThe determinant row follows the populated joint table.001/sqrt(2)P=1/2010P=0100P=0111/sqrt(2)P=1/2det = 1/2not product

The joint state is not a product

The determinant is 1/2, so the state is not factored into two independent qubits.

det=12\det=\frac{1}{2}
Coupling output is non-productThe non-product claim is the determinant check.001/sqrt(2)P=1/2010P=0100P=0111/sqrt(2)P=1/2det = 1/2not product