Reduction combines many values into a single result.

Reduce Totals

reduce_totals.py
amounts = [12, 8, 15]

include_shipping = 

total = 0
for amount in amounts:
    total += amount

if include_shipping:
    total += 5

print(f"total={total}")
amounts = [12, 8, 15]

include_shipping = 

total = 0
for amount in amounts:
    total += amount

if include_shipping:
    total += 5

print(f"total={total}")
reducing values A reduce stage carries an accumulator forward as it visits each value.