An ideal electrophoresis lane separates fragments because different mobilities reach different positions in the same run. Exact arithmetic here means exact results for the stated model inputs; measured inputs still carry uncertainty and significant-figure limits.

highlighted = computed this step

Lower mobility travels less far

The lower-mobility band has mobility index 1 and reaches 6 meters.

μlower=1,xlower=6 m\mu_{\text{lower}}=1,\quad x_{\text{lower}}=6\ \text{m}
Separated bandsTwo bands use checked helper distances.startlower mobilityhigher mobilityfield

Higher mobility travels farther in the same time

The higher-mobility band has mobility index 3 and reaches 18 meters.

μhigher=3,xhigher=18 m\mu_{\text{higher}}=3,\quad x_{\text{higher}}=18\ \text{m}
Separated bandsTwo bands use checked helper distances.startlower mobilityhigher mobilityfield

A middle mobility lands between them

At the same field and time, the middle mobility lands between the lower and higher bands.

μx16212318\begin{array}{c|c}\mu&x\\1&6\\2&12\\3&18\end{array}
Separated bandsTwo bands use checked helper distances.startlower mobilityhigher mobilityfield