Ideal transformer rows close both power and energy ledgers. Exact arithmetic here means exact results for the stated model inputs; measured inputs still carry uncertainty and significant-figure limits.

highlighted = computed this step

Two-to-four turns doubles voltage

Turns 2 to 4 double voltage from 4 V to 8 V. Primary power 16 W over 3 s gives energy 48 J.

4×4=16,E=16×3=484\times4=16,\quad E=16\times3=48
Transformer and powerVisible primary and secondary windings feed a checked power ledger.Np=2Ns=4Vp=4 VVs=8 VIp=4 AIs=2 APp=16 WPs=16 WV=4 VI=4 AP=16 WE=48 J

Three-to-six turns keeps power balanced

Turns 3 to 6 double voltage from 6 V to 12 V. Primary power 12 W over 5 s gives energy 60 J.

6×2=12,E=12×5=606\times2=12,\quad E=12\times5=60
Transformer and powerVisible primary and secondary windings feed a checked power ledger.Np=3Ns=6Vp=6 VVs=12 VIp=2 AIs=1 APp=12 WPs=12 WV=6 VI=2 AP=12 WE=60 J

Four-to-eight turns also closes energy

Turns 4 to 8 double voltage from 8 V to 16 V. Primary power 16 W over 4 s gives energy 64 J.

8×2=16,E=16×4=648\times2=16,\quad E=16\times4=64
Transformer and powerVisible primary and secondary windings feed a checked power ledger.Np=4Ns=8Vp=8 VVs=16 VIp=2 AIs=1 APp=16 WPs=16 WV=8 VI=2 AP=16 WE=64 J