Citation Graphs

Citation Graphs

A real pinned citation-edge slice with recomputed graph facts.

Structured Visual

Jurisdiction: US; as of 2026-08-28; not legal advice; Render structure, refuse interpretation, cite, abstain, and hand off.

RENDER STRUCTURE · REFUSE INTERPRETATION · CITE · ABSTAIN · HAND-OFF: render structure, refuse interpretation, cite provenance, abstain when unsupported, and hand off to human review.

Citation Graphs: selected questionsCitation graphSources cite HertzDirected referencesSeparate legal review
highlighted = computed this step

Scope and honesty note

Jurisdiction: United States structural overview; as of 2026-08-28; jurisdictions vary; not legal advice. This lesson renders source and process structure, refuses interpretation, cites, abstains, and hands off.

US structural model as of 2026−08−28\text{US structural model as of }2026-08-28

See the essential structure first

Start with this deliberately incomplete structure, then use the pinned authorities, worked application, exceptions, and handoff below. This deliberately incomplete preview has 4 nodes; exceptions and legal consequences remain in the sourced prose below.

glance nodes=4\text{glance nodes}=4

Jurisdiction: US; as of 2026-08-28; not legal advice; Render structure, refuse interpretation, cite, abstain, and hand off.

RENDER STRUCTURE · REFUSE INTERPRETATION · CITE · ABSTAIN · HAND-OFF: render structure, refuse interpretation, cite provenance, abstain when unsupported, and hand off to human review.

Citation Graphs: selected questionsCitation graphSources cite HertzDirected referencesSeparate legal review

Citation graphs are structural records

A citation graph represents opinions as nodes and citation references as directed edges. Degree and reachability can be recomputed from a pinned edge slice, but neither metric determines authority, validity, importance, or legal force.

graph structure is not authority weight\text{graph structure is not authority weight}

Pin the center case

The graph centers on this already pinned opinion record. Caption: Hertz Corp. v. Friend; court: Supreme Court of the United States; decision date: 2010-02-23. Verbatim opinion excerpt: We conclude that “principal place of business” is best read as referring to the place where a corporation’s officers direct, control, and coordinate the corporation’s activities. Source: Hertz Corp. v. Friend, 559 U.S. 77 (2010); https://www.neochart.com/catalog/cases/us/volume_559/0077_01/index.html; data via neochart.com, snapshot 2026-08.

pinned case: HertzCorp.v.Friend,559U.S.77(2010)\text{pinned case: }Hertz Corp. v. Friend, 559 U.S. 77 (2010)

Pin the real edge slice

The committed case-citations fixture contains 3 verified inbound citation references. Each source record named the Hertz corpus id in its cites-cases list.

pinned edges=3\text{pinned edges}=3

Explain the graph

The engine recomputes node degree, reachability, ordering, and layout from the authored node and edge records. The graph contains 4 nodes and makes no ranking claim.

graph nodes=4\text{graph nodes}=4

Jurisdiction: US; as of 2026-08-28; not legal advice; Render structure, refuse interpretation, cite, abstain, and hand off.

RENDER STRUCTURE · REFUSE INTERPRETATION · CITE · ABSTAIN · HAND-OFF: render structure, refuse interpretation, cite provenance, abstain when unsupported, and hand off to human review.

Pinned inbound citation sliceWatkins v. Omni Life Science, Inc.id citing-1 cite 2010-03-09 in0 out1 deg1 reach1In re Arrowhead Capital Management LLC Class Litigationid citing-2 cite 2010-05-17 in0 out1 deg1 reach1Astra Oil Trading NV v. Petrobras America Inc.id citing-3 cite 2010-03-10 in0 out1 deg1 reach1Hertzid hertz cite Hertz Corp. v. Friend, 559 U.S. 77 (2010) in3 out0 deg3 reach0citing-1->hertz: citing-1->hertz cross_refsciting-2->hertz: citing-2->hertz cross_refsciting-3->hertz: citing-3->hertz cross_refs

Read the complete record

The complete record keeps sources, stated facts, and questions for review separate. Pinned inbound citation slice: Directed citation references; structural metrics are not authority weight. Watkins v. Omni Life Science, Inc.: Node citing-1; citation or date 2010-03-09; incoming references 0; outgoing references 1; total degree 1; reachable opinions in this slice: Hertz. In re Arrowhead Capital Management LLC Class Litigation: Node citing-2; citation or date 2010-05-17; incoming references 0; outgoing references 1; total degree 1; reachable opinions in this slice: Hertz. Astra Oil Trading NV v. Petrobras America Inc.: Node citing-3; citation or date 2010-03-10; incoming references 0; outgoing references 1; total degree 1; reachable opinions in this slice: Hertz. Hertz: Node hertz; citation or date Hertz Corp. v. Friend, 559 U.S. 77 (2010); incoming references 3; outgoing references 0; total degree 3; reachable opinions in this slice: none. citing-1 to hertz: Citation-reference type cross_refs. citing-2 to hertz: Citation-reference type cross_refs. citing-3 to hertz: Citation-reference type cross_refs.

sources, stated facts, and open questions\text{sources, stated facts, and open questions}

Narrow summary

Use citation edges to inspect research neighborhoods and retrieve sources; never substitute graph metrics for legal treatment or authority analysis.

traverse, retrieve, verify, hand off\text{traverse, retrieve, verify, hand off}