A sensed divider node can drive an ideal comparator when every stage is checked. Exact arithmetic here means exact results for the stated model inputs; measured inputs still carry uncertainty and significant-figure limits.
highlighted = computed this step
The sensed divider output is exact
The sensed node is 8 volts.
Vsense=8V
The comparator compares against the reference
The reference is 6 volts, so the comparator output rail is 12 volts.