Projection Component Budget Three-Row Scan - Electromagnetic Waves and Polarization Step by Step

Parallel and perpendicular components square back to the incident field. Exact arithmetic here means exact results for the stated model inputs; measured inputs still carry uncertainty and significant-figure limits.

highlighted = computed this step

Parallel and perpendicular squares keep the incident budget

Each projection row keeps the same incident field. The two checked components square back to the incident-field square.

E_{\parallel}^{2}+E_{\perp}^{2}=10^{2}+0^{2}=10^{2}

Parallel and perpendicular squares keep the incident budget

Each projection row keeps the same incident field. The two checked components square back to the incident-field square.

E_{\parallel}^{2}+E_{\perp}^{2}=8^{2}+6^{2}=10^{2}

Parallel and perpendicular squares keep the incident budget

Each projection row keeps the same incident field. The two checked components square back to the incident-field square.

E_{\parallel}^{2}+E_{\perp}^{2}=6^{2}+8^{2}=10^{2}