The non-paralyzable model solves a count equation. Exact arithmetic here means exact results for the stated model inputs; measured inputs still carry uncertainty and significant-figure limits.

highlighted = computed this step

The count solves a checked recovery equation

With rate 2 hertz, clock 12 seconds, and dead time 1 second, the accepted count is 8.

8(1+2×1)=2×128( 1+2\times1 )=2\times12
Dead-time budgetDetected counts reserve dead-time intervals.clock=12 slive=4 srate=2 HzclockTime=12 sdeadTimeEach=1 sdetectedCount=8 countdeadTimeTotal=8 sliveTime=4 sobservedRate=2/3 Hz

The solved count must be an integer

The equation gives exactly 8 detected counts, so the count markers are integer markers.

N=8N=8
Dead-time budgetDetected counts reserve dead-time intervals.clock=12 slive=4 srate=2 HzclockTime=12 sdeadTimeEach=1 sdetectedCount=8 countdeadTimeTotal=8 sliveTime=4 sobservedRate=2/3 Hz