Changing one-column strip height complements the row-length projection scan. Exact arithmetic here means exact results for the stated model inputs; measured inputs still carry uncertainty and significant-figure limits.

highlighted = computed this step

Two stacked cells give column sum six

A one-column strip with cells 2 and 4 has column sum 6.

2+4=62+4=6
Projection imageRows and columns expose exact line-sum measurements.24246

Three stacked cells give column sum twelve

Adding cell 6 raises the column projection to 12.

2+4+6=122+4+6=12
Projection imageRows and columns expose exact line-sum measurements.24624612

Four stacked cells give column sum twenty

The four-cell strip adds 8 and the projection becomes 20. Three rows show height as the source factor.

2+4+6+8=202+4+6+8=20
Projection imageRows and columns expose exact line-sum measurements.2468246820