The angle Bragg path is a checked geometry ledger. Exact arithmetic here means exact results for the stated model inputs; measured inputs still carry uncertainty and significant-figure limits.

highlighted = computed this step

The ray triangle pins the sine factor

The rendered ray uses a three-four-five triangle, so the sine factor is 3/5.

sinθ=35\sin\theta=\frac{3}{5}
X-ray reflection ledgerThe Miller spacing, Bragg path, and projected reciprocal spot share one source.spacingspacingplane familyhkl=2,2,1spot=2,2d=5 mlambda=6 mpath=6 maccepted=1planeplanepath: 6 m

Path difference equals one wavelength

With spacing 5 m, the extra path is 6 m. Order one therefore uses wavelength 6 m.

2dsinθ=2535=62d\sin\theta=2\cdot5\cdot\frac{3}{5}=6
X-ray reflection ledgerThe Miller spacing, Bragg path, and projected reciprocal spot share one source.spacingspacingplane familyhkl=2,2,1spot=2,2d=5 mlambda=6 mpath=6 maccepted=1planeplanepath: 6 m