Keeping the bead fixed while moving the trap center shows that force is sourced by displacement. Exact arithmetic here means exact results for the stated model inputs; measured inputs still carry uncertainty and significant-figure limits.

highlighted = computed this step

A far trap center makes a six-metre displacement

Hold bead position at 6 metres and stiffness at 2 newtons per metre. Center 0 gives displacement 6 metres and restoring force 12 newtons.

2(60)=122\cdot(6\mathbin{-}0)=12
Trap force ledgerMeasured bead displacement and calibrated stiffness set restoring force.trapbeaddisplacementforce

Moving the center closer shortens the vector

The bead still sits at 6 metres. Moving the trap center to 2 metres leaves displacement 4 metres, so the same stiffness gives 8 newtons.

2(62)=82\cdot(6\mathbin{-}2)=8
Trap force ledgerMeasured bead displacement and calibrated stiffness set restoring force.trapbeaddisplacementforce

Three center rows expose the displacement source

Center 4 metres leaves only 2 metres of displacement. The restoring force falls to 4 newtons because the vector, not the bead coordinate alone, is the source.

2(64)=42\cdot(6\mathbin{-}4)=4
Trap force ledgerMeasured bead displacement and calibrated stiffness set restoring force.trapbeaddisplacementforce