The book uses average flow and does not solve a velocity profile. Exact arithmetic here means exact results for the stated model inputs; measured inputs still carry uncertainty and significant-figure limits.

highlighted = computed this step

This flow is an average-flow ledger

The checked claim is only 3 times 4 equals 12.

34=123\cdot4=12
Average flow ledgerArea times average speed gives one checked flow rate.areaspeedflow

Do not infer a velocity profile

The diagram checks one average speed; it does not assert a parabolic profile or pressure law.

12 cubic metres per second12\ \text{cubic metres per second}
Average flow ledgerArea times average speed gives one checked flow rate.areaspeedflow