An if statement runs one block when a test succeeds and another block when it fails.

Program

Play the script to watch the numeric test choose the pass branch.

if_tests.sh
#!/usr/bin/env bash

score=82
if (( score >= 70 )); then
  grade="pass"
else
  grade="retry"
fi
echo "$grade"
if `if` uses a command or test status to choose which block runs.
numeric test `(( ... ))` is an arithmetic command; zero is false and nonzero is true.