A restore point chooses the last log position to include.

highlighted = computed this step

Choose a restore point

A restore point is the target position. Records up to that position are included.

choose target position\text{choose target position}

Show the target

The target is 2. That gives 2 applied records and 1 skipped record.

target=2\text{target}=2

Backup and restore-point examples are tiny finite replay models; cloud products, backup strategy, RPO/RTO, encryption, compliance, performance, and runbooks are out of scope.

Choose a restore point: backup snapshotitemvalueA10B20 log after backuppositemvalue1A112B253A13 restore point factsfactvaluetarget2appliedCount2skippedCount1changedCount2targetIsBackupnotargetInLogyes applied log recordspositemvalue1A112B25 skipped log recordspositemvalue3A13 restored stateitemvalueA11B25 changed itemsitembeforeafterA1011B2025

Split the log

The diagram separates applied records from skipped records so the boundary is visible.

appliedskipped\text{applied}\mid\text{skipped}

Summary

The target is just an exact integer position in this tiny model.

exact target\text{exact target}