A restore point chooses the last log position to include.

highlighted = computed this step

Choose a restore point

A restore point is the target position. Records up to that position are included.

choose target position\text{choose target position}

Show the target

The target is 2. That gives 2 applied records and 1 skipped record.

target=2\text{target}=2

Backup and restore-point examples are tiny finite replay models; cloud products, backup strategy, RPO/RTO, encryption, compliance, performance, and runbooks are out of scope.

Choose a restore point: backup snapshotChoose a restore point: backup snapshotitemvalueA10B20 log after backuplog after backuppositemvalue1A112B253A13 restore point factsrestore point factsfactvaluetarget2appliedCount2skippedCount1changedCount2targetIsBackupnotargetInLogyes applied log recordsapplied log recordspositemvalue1A112B25 skipped log recordsskipped log recordspositemvalue3A13 restored staterestored stateitemvalueA11B25 changed itemschanged itemsitembeforeafterA1011B2025

Split the log

The diagram separates applied records from skipped records so the boundary is visible.

applied∣skipped\text{applied}\mid\text{skipped}

Summary

The target is just an exact integer position in this tiny model.

exact target\text{exact target}