A mask tells which address bits name the network. The slash prefix is the count of leading ones, and the strip makes that count visible.

highlighted = computed this step

Why masks count ones

A prefix mask divides address bits into network bits and host bits. The count after the slash is the count of leading one bits in the mask.

/26/26

Prefix as leading ones

The /26 mask is 255.255.255.192, or 0xffffffc0. It has 26 leading ones and 6 trailing zeros.

/260xffffffc0/26\Rightarrow0xffffffc0
Prefix maskThe mask bits are decoded from the exact mask bytes./26 mask32 bits / 4 bytes0xffffffc0byte 0byte 1byte 2byte 311111111111111111111111111000000mask255.255.255.192

Decode it again

The /24 mask is 0xffffff00 and 255.255.255.0. A /28 mask would be 0xfffffff0, or 255.255.255.240, so the rule generalizes by counting leading ones.

/240xffffff00/24\mapsto0xffffff00
Another prefix maskThe shorter prefix leaves a full host byte./24 mask32 bits / 4 bytes0xffffff00byte 0byte 1byte 2byte 311111111111111111111111100000000mask255.255.255.0

The last byte shows the split

In the /26 mask, the last byte is 192, binary 11000000. That is where the network side stops and the host side begins.

192=11000000192=11000000
Prefix maskThe mask bits are decoded from the exact mask bytes./26 mask32 bits / 4 bytes0xffffffc0byte 0byte 1byte 2byte 311111111111111111111111111000000mask255.255.255.192

Summary

A prefix length is not decoration; it is the number of leading mask ones. Address arithmetic only; timing/throughput is not modeled here.

/26/26
Prefix maskThe mask bits are decoded from the exact mask bytes./26 mask32 bits / 4 bytes0xffffffc0byte 0byte 1byte 2byte 311111111111111111111111111000000mask255.255.255.192